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Telex Monitoring Teltron Hagenuk
RTTY demodulator/diversity unit
TG 1001 M is a demodulator for radio teletype (RTTY) and
facsimile (FAX) signals (German: Tastgerät) with integrated antenna and
receiver diversity unit,
developed around 1987 by Teltron in München (Germany)
as an OEM product for Hagenuk in Kiel
(Germany) [1].
It was used by the German Navy (Bundesmarine), often in combination with a
Hagenuk RX-1001M HF receiver [2].
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The device is housed in a 1U 19" rackmountable enclosure that measures
484 × 435 × 44 mm and weighs ~ 6 kg. All controls are nicely arranged
at the clear grey front panel, whilst all connections are available at the rear.
The device can be powered from the 115V or 230V AC mains, 1 or by a 24V DC
source, such as a truck battery.
At the centre of the front panel is a small cathode ray tube (CRT) that
can be used as a tuning aid when selecting the parameters for the reception
of telegraphy or facsimile signals. Note that the baudrate cannot be set from
the front panel.
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The device has two receiver inputs (RX 1 and RX 2), each of which can be configured
for AF or IF signals. Like the baudrate, AF/IF selection
is not available from the front panel. Instead, baudrate and input type
are selected with a rotary switch (S1), accessible through a
hole in the top panel.
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Selectable with a switch inside the device.
➤ More
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Below is the front panel of the TG-1001M.
At the far left is the ON/OFF switch. At the left are also the push-buttons
for selecting the signal polarity (normal or inverted) and the desired
tone shift for the reception of FAX and RTTY signals.
At the centre is a low-profile
cathode ray tube (CRT) on which the incoming signal is displayed. It
can be used as a tuning aid when interpreting the signal.
To the left of the CRT are controls for setting the brightness of the CRT
and the red LEDs.
To the right of the CRT are four push-buttons for selecting the desired
mode of operation. At the far right are six push-buttons for controlling
the diversity features. The device supports receiver diversity and well as
antenna diversity. The buttons can also be used for selecting two different receivers
(connected to the NF/ZF inputs) and/or two antennas (connected
to ANT1 and ANT2).
All connections of the TG-1001M are at the rear panel, shown in the image above.
At the far left is the rather unusual receptacle for connection to the mains.
The device can also be powered by a 24V DC source. At the centre are the input
and output connectors. Note that the device has two FSK demodulators, which allows
two receivers to be connected simultaneously. The buttons at the front panel can be
used to select either receiver, or use receiver diversity.
At the far right are three antenna connectors (two inputs and one output).
The buttons at the front panel can be used to select either antenna, or use
antenna diversity. The 9-pin DE9 socket marked 'DATEN' allows the
device to be controlled remotely from a compatible receiver,
using a proprietary protocol.
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DAUERSTR. Continuous current (used for quieting the teleprinter) SCHREIBEN Enable teleprinter output FAX BILD Receive facsimile with grey tone image FAX TEXT Receive facsimile with 2-tone (black/white) image
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- FSK demodulation
- RTTY decoding (FSK)
- Facsimile decoding (FAX)
- Antenna diversity
- Receiver diversity
- Built-in self test (BITE)
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Setting up the TG-1001M is not difficult but might appear a bit counterintuitive
at first. Note that it is not an FSK analyzer, and that it does not
adjust itself to the intercepted FSK signal. If nothing is known about a particular
signal, inspect it first by means of an FSK analyzer, such as the
Rohde & Schwarz GA-082. Once the signal parameters
are known, configure the TG-1001M accordingly.
As an example, we assume that the signal we are receiving has a data rate of
50 baud with a ±425 kHz shift,
and that we are applying the AF signal from our receiver to the
NF1 connector at the rear.
Set both rotary selectors (S1 and S2) — accessible
through two holes in the top cover
— to '0' (i.e. fully counter-clockwise). Now do the following:
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- Switch the device on
- Ensure that some LEDs light up. If they don't, adjust the LED brightness (HELLIGKEIT)
- Select POLARITAT NORM
- To the left of the CRT, select ±425 Hz shift (the lower LED should light up)
- To the right of the CRT, select SCHREIBEN
- Tune the receiver to a known FSK weather station (e.g. 10100.8 kHz) 1
- Adjust the receiver's BFO to approx. 1500 Hz
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After turning the device on, wait 15 seconds for the CRT to warm up.
The CRT should now show a horizontal green bar (1).
If it doesn't, increase display brightness.
Next, apply an FSK signal from your receiver to NF1, and
adjust the receiver's BFO to the point where the display produces a
valid image (2) or (3).
When the intercepted station transmits a continuous IDLE tone sequence,
you are likely to see only two narrow signal bars on the CRT (4).
If the signal is inverted (5), press 'INVER' at the front panel
to make it decodable (2).
Below are some examples of possible CRT displays.
It should be noted that the TG-1001M was designed for permanent 24/7
use in fixed installations, such as aboard Naval vessels. In most cases
a dedicated TG-1001M unit was used for each FSK and/or FAX station and/or
frequency that had to be monitored around the clock.
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Weather station Deutscher Wetterdienst Offenbach can be received
at 10100.8 kHz, 4583 kHz and 7646 kHz. Callsign:
DDH or DDK [5].
➤ More stations
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In the simplest setup, a single antenna is connected to a receiver, of which
the AF or 30 kHz IF output is fed to the NF1 or ZF1 input of the TG-1001M.
The device's output can then directly be used to drive a teleprinter
(line current or V.24) or a fax device (black & white or grey scale).
When antenna diversity is used, two antennas (ANT1 and ANT2) should be connected
to the TG-1001M. The antenna output from the device is then fed to the receiver,
whilst the AF or IF output from the receiver is fed back to the TG-1001M.
When antenna diversity is enabled, as shown below, the device automatically
selects the antenna on which the strongest signal is available.
When receiver diversity is used, the two antennas (ANT1 and ANT2) are connected
to two individual receivers. The AF or IF outputs from the two receivers
are then fed to the inputs of the TG-1001M. When receiver diversity is enabled,
the CPU of the TG-1001M automatically selects the receiver with the best signal.
This works best when using IF signals.
Note that for FAX signals, the receiver(s) must be connected via the intermediate
frequency (IF) rather than using AF signals.
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Below is the block diagram of the TG-1001M. The various functional blocks
are indexed with red numbers that correspond to the list of functions
above. The device has 3 demodulators: two for (diversity) reception of
teleprinter signals (1) and one for reception of facsimile signals (3).
The antenna diversity (4) and receiver diversity (5) circuits can also
be used as manual selectors. All sub-circuits are under control of the CPU
(6), which is also responsible for the self-test (BITE).
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The interior of the TG-1001M can only be accessed from the top.
After removing no less than 27 recessed screws,
the cover can be taken off.
This reveals the interior as shown in the image below (here seen from
the rear). At the centre is the cathode ray rube (CRT) —
housed in a metal enclosure — with supporting electronics.
At the left side is the power supply unit (PSU), which
consists of a toroidal transformer and a switched mode DC/DC converter
that provides the required voltages. The six socketed fuses are located
on a board that is fitted to the side of the converter.
At the right side are two large printed circuit boards (PCBs).
The lower one holds the Z80 CPU and
its peripheral controllers (PIOs).
It handles the push-buttons and LEDs on the front panel, and the
communication with the Hagenuk RX-1001M receiver (when present).
The firmware is held in a 2732 EPROM.
A battery backed RAM retains the current settings when the device is
switched off.
On top of the CPU board is the interface board — in the manual identified
as the FS-FAX-Analog board — built around a field-programmable gate array
(FPGA) marked 'TELTRON', with its own Z80 microprocessor and the firmware
held in a 2764 EPROM.
It is basically a MODEM of which only one half is used.
This part of the hardware is very similar to the
TELSEC 02 voice scrambler
that was also developed by Teltron.
The same 'TELTRON' FPGA 1 is present on
➤ its digital board.
At the rear of the device are 3 shielded and filtered compartments.
The one at the right holds the AC and DC power connectors. At the centre
are the sockets for the various inputs, outputs and controls.
At the left is the antenna diversity system, which is a more or less
stand-alone circuit.
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In the manual, the Teltron 337021 FPGA is identified as a
Xilinx XC2064 Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).
It features 64 Logic Blocks and 600 gates, and is clocked at
70 MHz [6].
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When we received the TG-1001M units in our collection, they were all labelled
as defective. The reason for this is that the Error LED (FEHLER) blinks when
the unit is switched on. A closer inspection however, showed that the units
were not really broken, but that the lithium backup battery was completely
empty. We exchanged the obsolete 3V battery by a modern socketed alternative.
When replacing the battery, be extremely careful, as the PCB is very fragile
in this position. We decided to use a Keystone KS1025 battery holder and a
CR2450 lithium button battery.
Remove the existing fixed battery and carefully clear the
holes by means of solder wick or a professional desoldering station. Be careful
not to apply any physical force to the PCB.
Next, make the pins of the battery holder thinner with a file, so that they
fit the holes in the PCB. When inserting the battery holder into the PCB,
do not apply force, as this is likely to damage the through-plated holes.
After inserting the battery holder into the PCB, solder the pins.
Next insert the CR2450 battery into the holder with the (+) side up.
Do not touch the battery with the bare hands, as this will reduce the battery's
life. Now turn on the device and verify that the FEHLER LED stays off.
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No mains cables Error on startup
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Below is the pinout of each connector at the rear of the TG-1001M.
Please note that incorrect pinouts are circulating on the internet,
which are probably based on an earlier version of the service manual.
The pinouts given below have been verified against an actual device.
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Mains power
NETZ 115V/230V AC
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The mains power receptacle is a rather unusual connector, but is
nevertheless an (old) industry standard in Germany. It is made by Hirschmann
and accepts a GDME-311 female cable part, also known as GDME-3011
and DIN 43650A. Below is the pinout when looking into the
panel mount part. Note that the desired mains voltage (115V or 230V) must
be set with an internal switch.
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GND Gn/Ye Ground Phase Brown 0V AC 1 Null Blue 115V-230V AC 1 GND - not present
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The Phase and Null wires are reversible.
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The TG-1001M can also be powered by a 24V DC source, such as the
battery of a truck. Below is the pinout when looking into the military
3-pin male receptacle. Note that the polarity of the 24V (at pins A and B)
may be reversed.
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24V In 24V DC (+) or (-) 1 24V In 24V DC (+) or (-) 1 GND - Ground
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The two 24V input lines are reversible.
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AF a Out Fax audio 600Ω (balanced with 2) AF b Out Fax audio 600Ω (balanced with 1) - - unused VIDEO Out Fax video - - unused GND - Ground
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Teleprinter output
FS MIL-188C
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This connector is intended for connection of a teleprinter
(German: Fernschreiber). Two signal types are available:
Digital data (pin 1) and TTY line current (pin 5).
The digital data standard is MIL-STD-188C (6V) or RS232 (12V),
selectable with a wire strap
at the centre of the Fax/Analog PCB.
Below is the pinout when looking into the
6-pin 240° DIN socket.
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DATA Out MIL-188C or RS232C 1 - - unused - - unused - - unused TTY Out TTY line current (80V/40mA) 2 GND - Ground
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The TG-1001M can handle two receivers, which is particularly useful
when using receiver diversity. Each receiver can be connected via the
audio input (NF) or the intermediate frequency input (ZF).
These two inputs are mutually exclusive. The desired input is selected
— along with the baudrate — with selector S1 at the top
of the device. Below is the pinout of Audio Input 1 (NF1), when looking
into the 6-pin 240° DIN socket.
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AF1 a In 600Ω (balanced with 2) AF1 b In 600Ω (balanced with 1) - - unused AGC1 In Automatic Gain Control - - unused GND - Ground
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Intermediate frequency input 1
ZF1
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IF1 In IF 30 kHz GND - Ground
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Below is the pinout of Audio Input 2 (NF2), when looking
into the 6-pin 240° DIN socket.
This input is mutually exclusive with the ZF2 intermediate frequency input.
The desired input is selected — along with the baudrate — with
selector S1 at the top of the device.
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AF2 a In 600Ω (balanced with 2) AF2 b In 600Ω (balanced with 1) - - unused AGC2 In Automatic Gain Control - - unused GND - Ground
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Intermediate frequency input 2
ZF2
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IF2 In IF 30 kHz GND - Ground
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Some functions of the TG-1001M can be controlled remotely from a Hagenuk
RX-1001M or RX-1001F receiver via the 9-pin D-sub socket marked DATEN.
This socket carries a proprietary bidirectional interface that is compatible
with the forementioned receivers. At present, we have no description of this
interface and its protocol, as this is missing from the manual in our collection.
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D0 I/O Data bit 0 D2 I/O Data bit 2 RESET In /FAXCON ? Fax connected? DIR In Data direction D1 I/O Data bit 1 D3 I/O Data bit 3 STROBE I/O Depending on DIR GND - Ground
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When antenna diversity is used, two antennnas may be connected to the
N-connectors of the ANT1 and ANT2 inputs respectively. The output of
the diversity system is available on the middle N-connector (ANT AUSG),
which should be connected to the antenna input of the receiver.
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ANT1 In Antenna 1, 50Ω GND - Ground
ANT2 In Antenna 2, 50Ω GND - Ground
AUSG. Out To receiver antenna input, 50Ω GND - Ground
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E-1800 receiver (via AF input)
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Below is the wiring of the cable that is used to connect
the AF output of the DE-1710 demodulator of the
Telefunken E-1800 receiver
to the AF-input (NF1) of the Hagenuk TG-1001M.
Note that both devices have the same
5-pin 240° DIN connector,
but with a different pinout.
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The device is suitable for connection to the 115V or 230V AC mains,
selectable with a slide switch inside the device.
Ensure that the appropriate voltage is selected before connecting the
device to the mains. Also note that mains voltages are potentially lethal.
Always disconnect the device from the mains before opening it. Open the
device only if you know exactly what you are doing.
➤ 115/230V selector
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Input selection and baud rate
S1
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| Baud | NF1/NF2 | ZF1/NF2 | NF1/ZF2 | ZF1/ZF2 |
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| 50 | 0 | 4 | 8 | C |
| 75 | 1 | 5 | 9 | D |
| 100 | 2 | 6 | A | E |
| 200 | 3 | 7 | B | F |
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When using CPU-controlled diversity, it is necessary to tell the system
whether synchronous or asynchronous signals are being used.
The rotary selector S2 on the interface board
should be set accordingly. Normal TTY signals
using the ITA2 (Baudot) standard are asynchronous.
In that case, the selector should be set to 0 (as shown here).
Synchronous signals are only used with certain types of encryption devices,
in which case the selector should be set to 8.
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Async Asynchronous. Regular Baudot TTY Sync Synchronous. Certain encryption devices
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MIL 188 MIL-STD-188C (±6 V) [3][4] RS 232 RS232C, V.24 (±12 V)
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3 kHz Suitable for analogue telephone lines 5 kHz Default setting
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Device FSK/FAX demodulator and antenna/receiver diversity unit Purpose Decoding HF teleprinter (telex) and facsimile (fax) signals Model TG-1001M Manufacturer Teltron Reseller Hagenuk Year 1987 ~ NSN 5820-12-310-9950 Inputs 2 × AF, 2 x IF, 2 x antenna Outputs TTY, RS232/MIL188, Fax 2-tone, Fax grey-scale IF 30 kHz Power • Mains 230 V/AC (22 W)
• 24 V DC (18 W) Temperature -10°C to +55°C Storage -40°C to +70°C Humidity 95% @ +40°C, non-condensing Dimensions 484 × 435 × 44.2 mm Weight 6212 g
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Inputs NF1, NF2, ZF1, ZF2, AGC1, AGC2 Outputs TTY 40 mA single current (1kΩ), Serial MIL-188-C (±6V) or RS232 (±12V) IF 30 kHz Shift • ±42.5 kHz
• ±85 kHz
• ±425 kHz Baudrate < 600 baud Modes • NORM, INVERT
• Quiescent current
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Inputs ZF1, ZF2 Outputs • AF, 5 kHz AM 600Ω balanced, -30 dBm to 0 dBm
• Video, 5V ±1V DC, 20 kΩ IF 30 kHz Shift • ±150 Hz
• ±400 Hz Baudrate < 2400 baud Modes • Text (black and white)
• Grey scale image
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© Crypto Museum. Created: Wednesday 07 May 2025. Last changed: Friday, 13 June 2025 - 10:55 CET.
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